The difference between human beings and animals is more fully explored in this chapter which elucidates the difference in question in the light of the contrasting modes of enactment of the motility of life among living beings. These phenomenological analyses ultimately trace the humanity of man—and hence the difference between human beings and animals—back to the freedom of man to understand the things that meaningfully address him. From this perspective, ipseity manifests itself as the very possibility of the experience of freedom.The analyses conducted enable an engagement with some of the key points of extended evolutionary synthesis, and outline a range of new spheres in which psychology and the natural sciences can cooperate, according to a phenomenologically oriented methodology. In particular, the focus becomes the co-productivity of psychology and cardiology, the neurosciences, and psychiatry.